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Brough (), sometimes known as Brough under Stainmore, is a village and civil parish in the Eden district of Cumbria, England, on the western fringe of the Pennines near Stainmore. The village is on the A66 trans-Pennine road, and the Swindale Beck, and is about south east of Appleby-in-Westmorland. Brough is situated north east of Kirkby Stephen and north east of Kendal on the A685. Brough lies within the historic boundaries of the ancient county of Westmorland. At the 2001 census it had a population of 680, increasing to 751 at the 2011 Census.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Parish population 2011 )〕 ==History== The village is on the site of the Roman fort of Verterae ("The Forts"),〔 (Full text in SGML format )〕 on the northern leg of the Roman-era Watling Street, linking Luguvalium (Carlisle) with Eboracum (York) and points south.〔Antonine Itinerary. British Route 2.〕 The area of the rectangular fort, which once occupied the land to the south of the Swindale Beck, is now a Scheduled Ancient Monument.〔().〕 Brough Castle was built in the 11th century within the northern part of the former fort. Brough has historically been divided into Market Brough, to the north, and Church Brough, to the south and centred on the castle and St Michael's Church. In 1977 this division was made physical by the construction of the Brough bypass dual carriageway, taking the A66 away from the village main street. Up to some time before 1777, opposite the market cross going up towards Stainmore, there was a holy well dedicated to Saint Winifred (Gwenfrewi), which before the Reformation was a place of pilgrimage.〔Jim Taylor Page, Cumbrian Holy Wells, North West Catholic Hist. Soc., Wigan 1990, p. 21; J. Nicolson & R. Burn, History and Antiquities of the Counties of Westmorland and Cumberland, Vol. I, London 1777, p. 575.〕 Nearby is Augill Castle, built in 1841 by John Bagot Pearson from Kirkby Lonsdale as a weekend retreat and now a hotel. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Brough, Cumbria」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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